What Does a SEER Rating Mean in HVAC?

As a homeowner, you’re likely already familiar with the SEER (seasonal energy efficiency ratio) rating system. When shopping for a replacement air conditioner or heat pump, looking for a higher SEER rating will help you invest in a more energy-efficient system.

If it’s been more than a few years since your last HVAC replacement, this overview will help you use the new SEER2 ratings to compare modern equipment.

How Is SEER2 Different From the Original SEER System?

The new SEER2 rating system was implemented on January 1, 2023, replacing the original SEER system.

SEER2 improved the accuracy of the efficiency ratings and serves to ensure that manufacturers all use the same standards. The SEER2 guidelines include stricter testing methods that simulate real-world conditions with greater precision. 

SEER2 testing accounts for air duct leaks and airflow resistance in determining energy efficiency.

The Department of Energy instituted SEER2 ratings to promote more energy savings for households and reduce the environmental impact of HVAC equipment. To meet those goals, the minimum SEER2 rating is 14.3 for both air conditioners and heat pumps.

What SEER2 Rating Do You Need?

Generally, a higher SEER2 rating means greater energy efficiency. Since the cooling process is different for high-efficiency systems, higher ratings often come with greater upfront costs. If you have a small living space or live somewhere with mild summers, you may not need a system with a high SEER2 rating.

Although units with higher SEER2 ratings cost more, they tend to offer more long-term savings. If you have a larger home or need a wider climate-control range, a more efficient system is the answer.

For example, an 18.0 SEER2 system is up to 20% more efficient than a basic 14.0 SEER2 model, while a 20.0 SEER2 AC or heat pump will offer 43% more efficiency than a 14.0 SEER2 unit.

The higher rating offers lower cooling costs while providing more control over humidity levels. Moreover, higher SEER2 ratings can allow you to take advantage of tax credits. To qualify, a split system needs a minimum SEER2 of 17.0, while a packaged system needs a 16.0 SEER2 rating.

SEER2 and Cooling Stages

How do manufacturers achieve higher SEER2 ratings?

Adding cooling or heating stages increases a unit’s efficiency. A 14.0 SEER2 unit uses a single-stage process, during which the unit will run until the indoor temperature rises or falls beyond the thermostat setting, at which point a new cycle will start. This process leads to uneven cooling and lower efficiency.

A two-stage unit uses a similar process but operates at a lower rate on milder days. This results in reduced energy usage on days when it’s not necessary to cool the home rapidly. 

Multi-stage cooling or heat pump operation uses multiple speeds to offer a broader range of service. The numerous options provide tighter control over energy usage, placing efficiency in the hands of the homeowner. 

Variable speed units also offer multiple cycle speeds. In this case, the system uses more consistent low cycles to continuously pump treated air into the home. It will only start a higher cycle when there’s a significant temperature change in the living space.

The Benefits of a Higher SEER2 Rating

Better energy efficiency is important for several reasons. To understand why you should consider the SEER2 rating as you shop for HVAC equipment, it can help to look at how a higher rating might affect your living conditions.

Keep Your Costs Lower

A more energy-efficient system will run shorter and fewer cycles while offering more consistent temperatures. Since every cycle uses electricity and will therefore raise your energy bills, greater efficiency and fewer cycles mean lower utility costs each month. 

Enjoy Greater Comfort

Enhanced efficiency also translates to more consistent indoor temperatures, eliminating hot spots and other uneven cooling or heating issues in your home. Consequently, you won’t feel too warm or find yourself adjusting your thermostat to run more AC or heat pump cycles.

Protect Your Local Environment

Another benefit of high-efficiency equipment is that it can lower your household’s carbon footprint. Your home will use fewer non-renewable resources as a result. As a bonus, newer units use refrigerants that are safer for the environment. 

Don’t Put Off Your Cooling System Replacement

If it’s been more than a decade since your last air conditioner installation, you’re probably due for a replacement.

Now that you’re familiar with the SEER2 rating system, you’ll be prepared to shop for a more energy-efficient model. Considering the unit’s efficiency level and your heating and cooling needs will help you choose the best HVAC system for your home.

Atlantic Fuels installs, repairs and provide annual maintenance for mini split heat pump systems and residential air conditioning.